Warning: Your 401(k) is not a Savings Account
We get the question from time to time whether or not to take a loan on their 401(k) to pay off debt. The following post by Jeremy Vohwinkle of About.com summed up the the question well and provides some good advice:
When money is tight many people turn to their 401(k) or other retirement plans for some quick cash. If your retirement plan has a loan provision, you may be tempted to borrow money from it since you’ll just be paying yourself back. While that is true, even though you do pay yourself back over time, you can end up doing more harm than good.The biggest mistake many people make is that when they borrow money from their retirement plan, because they have to repay it slowly through payroll deduction, they will usually also stop their regular contributions. Now, not only have you taken money out of your account so that it misses out growth, but now you’re only using the next few years to build your account up to where it was instead of allowing it to continue building.Resist the urge to borrow money from your 401(k) if you can. While it can be used as a last resort in an emergency, you shouldn’t get into the habit of tapping into it whenever you need a little extra cash. You should have an emergency fund set aside to cover short-term money needs, and one of the best ways to get started is by creating an automatic savings plan. Just like how you make small and regular contributions into your 401(k) each pay check, small and regular contributions into a savings account will add up and provide a piece of mind knowing that you have some money available if you need it.
I’ve seen too many plans that suffer from too many employees committing this very mistake. I’ve talked to plan fiduciaries about it. They are concerned but don’t realize how allowing employees to abuse this privilege may actually increase their own fiduciary liability. Worse for the participants, if they end their employment with company, having outstanding loan balances in their 401k severely restricts their options in removing themselves from the plan. More needs to be said on this topic.